What is the main purpose of DNA replication?

The main purpose of DNA replication is to produce two identical copies of DNA before cell division. This process is critical for ensuring that when a cell divides, each new daughter cell receives an exact copy of the genetic material. This fidelity in DNA replication is essential for maintaining genetic continuity across generations of cells.

During replication, the double helix structure of DNA unzips, and each strand serves as a template for synthesizing a new complementary strand. This results in two identical double helices, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand, which is often referred to as semi-conservative replication.

This process is fundamental for growth, development, and repair in multicellular organisms, as well as for the reproduction of single-celled organisms. Accurate DNA replication ensures that genetic information is preserved and accurately passed on, which is vital for the stability of an organism's genome.